Work pressure rolling assembly

ABSTRACT

A controlled deflection roll has a relationship of the frame structure which mounts it and the roll structure itself which allows the internal beam of the roll to be anchored and the source of power to the shell of the roll to be located outside of the frame structure.

United States Patent Appenzeller 51 Nov. 28, 1972 [54] WORK PRESSUREROLLING [56] References Cited ASSEMBLY UNITED STATES PATENTS [72] Inventj' l g g gf 1,799,775 4/1931 Berry ..100/162 UX pe many 2,908,96410/1959 Appenzeller ..29/116 [73] Assignee: Edward KustersMmchinenfabrik, 3,023,695 3/1962 Kuster 100/ 170 Krefeld, Germany3,037,557 6/1962 Faeber et a1. ..100/162 ux 3,119,324 1/1964 Justus..100/170 [22] 1966 3,146,160 8/1964 Kankaanpaa ..29/116 UX 211 Appl.No.: 588,571 3,196,520 7/1965 Appenzeller ..29/116 3,276,102 10/1966Justus ..100/170 x Related Appheahon Dew 3,286,325 11/1966 Justus..100/170 x 63 c i i of No. 375237 June 3,290,897 12/1966 Kuehn ..64/9

Primary Examiner-Billy J. Wilhite 30 Foreign Application Priority DataAtwmeyKeny9n & Kenyon June 25, 1963 Germany ..K 50053 57] ABSTRACT 52US. Cl ..100/162 B, 29/113 AD A Controlled deflection has a relationshipof the 51 Im. Cl. ..B30b3/04 frame Structure which mounts it and thefell Structure [58] Field of Search ..29/116 AD; 100/162 B itself whichellews the internal beam of the fell to be anchored and the source ofpower to the shell of the roll to be located outside of the framestructure.

7 Claim, 10 Drawing Figures WORK PRESSURE ROLLING ASSEMBLY Thisapplication is a continuation-in-part of U.S.A. application Ser. No.375,237, filed June 15, 1964, in which priority under German applicationK50,053, filed June 25, 1963 is claimed.

This invention relates to work pressure rolling assemblies of the typeincluding a roll for pressure rolling the work, and means forcontrolling the deflection or beam flexure of this roll caused by itsapplication of pressure to the work being pressure rolled.

Examples of this type are shown by the Love U.S. Pat. No. 864,660 datedAug. 27, 1907, and the Gautschi U.S. Pat. No. 977,725 dated Dec. 6,1910. In both of these examples, the roll deflection is controlled byapplying variable pressure to the outside of the roll at a locationopposite to the work. Such an arrangement permits the assembly to use asolid pressure rolling roll having roll necks which extend beyond theoutsides of the frame members mounting the journals for the roll. Thispermits conventional application of rotary power to the roll by directcoupling to the end of one of the projecting necks. However, thisarrangement has the disadvantage that the pressure applying meansrequired to control the deflection of the roll works directly on theoutside of the rolls work rollingsurface so that lubricant used eitherto reduce friction or for the application of hydraulic pressure to theroll contaminates this surface. Further, any substance picked up by thissurface from the work is conveyed directly to the pressure applyingmeans so as to possibly interfere with its operation.

Contrastingly, the Specht U.S. Pat. No. 2,395,9l5 dated Mar. 5, 1946,and the Appenzeller U.S. Pat. NO. 2,908,964 dated-Oct. 20, 1959,disclose arrangements where the pressure applying means required tocontrol deflection os the working roll of the assembly, is on the insideof this roll, the latter being hollow to provide space within which suchpressure applying means may be operatively located. This kind ofarrangement eliminates the disadvantage described above but introduces aproblem concerning rotatively powering the working roll of the assemblybecause the roll ends are located inside of the frame members.

Heretofore, this problem has been solved either by the use of the rollassembly opposite to a solid conventional roll provided withconventional roll necks to which rotative power could be applied,relying on transmitting power through the work to drive the working rollof the assembly, or by the use of sprocket wheel and chain drives,pulley and belt drives or the like, located inside of the frame members.

Anything located inside of the frame members introduces design,maintenance and operational troubles. Space is restricted, the necessarydrive elements are exposed directly to the working area, and theseelements may interfere with pressure rolling wide material. Driving thework by the use of a conventional solid roll so that the workfrictionally drives the working roll of the described kind of assemblyis only a limited solution to the problem.

With the foregoing in mind, one of the objects of the present inventionis to provide a work pressure rolling assembly having deflectioncontrolling means on the inside of a hollow work rolling roll, while atthe same time permitting the application of rotary power to this roll byconnecting it with a source of rotary power located on the outside ofthe necessary frame members.

Controlled deflection roll assemblies of the type disclosed by thepreviously mentioned Appenzeller U.S. Pat. No. 2,908,964, have beencommercially successful and another object of the present invention isto permit the use of the principles disclosed by this patent while atthe same time permitting the hollow roll of this kind of assembly to bedriven directly from a location on the outside of the frame membersrequired to mount the roll assembly.

Generally speaking, an assembly of the type to which this inventionrelates must include a hollow roll having an outer work rolling surfaceand be subject to deflection when the latter is engaging, under pressurethe work being pressure rolled. The work must, of course, be in turnsupported by another roll which may be either a plain solid roll oranother assembly of the same type under discussion. A beam is locatedwithin this hollow roll and it extends for at least the length of thework rolling surface of this roll, and means are supplied for applyingvariable pressure from this beam to the inside of the hollow roll at alocation and in a direction providing a reaction to the deflection towhich the hollow roll would otherwise be subjected. Sometimes this meansmay be adjusted to keep the effective work rolling surface on theoutside of the hollow roll truly linear, and sometimes it may beadjusted so that this surface is either concave or convex, dependingupon the results desired.

The inside of the hollow roll must form a space permitting the beaminside of it to deflect when stressed by the pressure of theabove-described means. All structural metals are elastically flexibleand, therefore, something must deflect under the work rolling pressure,this being the beam on the inside of the hollow roll in roll assembliesof the type herein involved. The outer working surface of the hollowroll then either deflects not at all, or more or less depending on theforce provided in opposition to its normal deflection tendency underworking conditions, by the pressure applying means on the inside of theroll.

Fundamentally, the present invention is based on the novel concept ofproportioning the beam, or of provid-' ing it with an extension rigidlyconnected with its beam length, so that it projects axially from one endof the roll far enough to be engaged by means for holding the beamagainst rotation. By providing enough length to the beam, or itsextension, this means may be located outside of one or another of thenecessary frames. Secondly, the hollow roll itself at least at one end,must be provided with a roll neck, or other extension, projectingaxially far enough to be engaged by a rotative powering means, it alsobeing possible to locate this rotative powering means on the outside ofone or another of the two necessary frame members.

That is to say, one end of a roll assembly incorporating the presentinvention is like the solid roll constructions of the Love U.S. Pat. No.864,660 and the Gautschi U.S. Pat. No. 977,725, permitting directapplication of rotary power outside of the frame members to the pressurerolling roll at any desired axial distance from its end, while the otherend of the assembly has the beam projecting axially from it, or anextension of this beam, permitting the beam to be anchored againstrotation at any axial distance desired outside of the frame members.

This new arrangement permits both the beam to be rotatively locked andthe pressure rolling roll to be rotatively driven from locations on theoutsides of the two frame members and, therefore, avoids all of thecomplexities involved by a rotary driving arrangement located betweenthese frames. This is effected without sacrificing the advantages of thehollow roll arrangement having inside of it the means for controllingits deflection by transmitting the force to the beam located on theinside of the roll.

Specific examples of work pressure rolling assemblies embodying theprinciples of the present invention are described below and illustratedby the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a side of the frame and the two rollsbetween which the work is pressure rolled,

the upper one of these rolls being a conventional solid roll and thelower one embodying the principles of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1 on a somewhat reduced scale;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section taken on a vertical plane through thework pressure rolling assembly or lower roll of FIG. 1, this being onalmost the same scale as FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged scale cross-section taken on the line 4-4 in FIG.3;

FIG. 5 reveals a detail on a greatly enlarged scale, shown by theright-hand end of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a cross-section taken on the line 66 in FIG. 3, this viewbeing on a further enlarged scale relative to FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 7-7 in FIG. 6 withthe beam and its projecting end shown in elevation;

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 88 in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is like FIG. 8, but is taken on the line 99 in FIG. 6 with thebeam and its projecting end shown in elevation; and

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal section on a vertical plane of a work pressurerolling assembly involving a modification relative to the constructionshown by FIG. 3.

Referring to the above drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 show the two necessaryframe members or sides 1 and 2, these journaling by suitable bearings anupper roll 3 of the conventional solid type. It can easily be providedwith means to rotate it directly by power applied outside of the framemembers.

The frame members 1 and 2 include vertically swinging arms 4 and 5 whichserve to mount the work pressure rolling assembly exemplifying thepresent invention. Hydraulic piston and cylinder assemblies 6 and 7 canswing these arms 4 and 5 upwardly and provide the rolling pressure.

The work pressure rolling assembly itself is indicated generally at 8 inFIGS. 1 and 2, and is shown in detail by FIGS. 3 through 9.

This work pressure rolling assembly includes the hollow roll 9 having anouter work rolling surface shown in this instance as comprising anelastically deformable covering 10 such as might be used when sizing isto be pressure-rolled on a web of material under relatively highpressure and demanding a narrowly restricted range of coating thicknesstolerance transversely of the web.

The beam 11 is located within the roll 9 and extends at least for thelength of the working portion of the surface 10 to meet the conditionsfor which it is provided. The means for applying the variable pressurefrom this beam 11 to the inside of the roll 9 at the location and in adirection providing a reaction to the deflection of this roll 9, in thisinstance follows the principles of the previously mentioned AppenzellerUS. Pat. No. 2,908,964. Although not shown, the general principles ofthe previously mentioned Specht US. Pat. No. 2,395,915 might possibly besubstituted.

As required by the Appenzeller patent principle, the beam 11 and theroll 9 have co-operating side seals 12 and end seals 13. The outsidediameter of the beam 11 is somewhat smaller than the inside diameter ofthe hollow roll 9 and the seals 12 and 13 divide the resulting spaceinto upper and lower chambers. Liquid under pressure, such aslubricating or other oil from a pressure pump, is fed to the upperchamber through an inlet passage 14 so as to hydraulically apply auniform pressure to the inside of the hollow roll 9 opposite to the roll3 and the work passing between these two. A passage 15 serves to exhaustliquid leaked through the seals.

Incidentally, the drawings do not illustrate the work, but it is to beunderstood that it passes through the nip formed by the two rolls. Thepassages 14 and 15 are shown in a somewhat idealized form (in actualpractice they must be formed by drilling) since this form distinguishesthe passage 14 from the outlet passage 15 which connects back to thetank supplying the pressure pump feeding the passage 14.

It is to be understood that the seals need not be absolutelyfluid-tight, and that they may be made deliberately to leak more or lessso that a flow of liquid is established through the assembly, sometimesdone to permit roll temperature control for example. However, theleakage rate must be adjusted to the capacity of the pump (not shown) tokeep the upper chamber at the hydraulic pressure selected to provide thedesired control of the shape of the roll 9 where it forms the workingpass with the roll 3.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, the beam 11 projects axially to the right fromand beyond the right-hand end of the roll 9 far enough to be engaged bya means 16 for holding the beam 11 against rotation. Note that this beamend 11a, which might be called more properly an extension 1 la of thebeam since it is beyond the portion of the beam under beam stress, is solong that it extends through and beyond the frame 4. This means 16 isnot shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but it is to be understood that it maycomprise any kind of anchor or lock to prevent rotation of the beam. Forexample, it may be a bracket keyed to the projecting end 11a and securedagainst rotation or swinging by being fastened to the arm 4.

At the left-hand end, still referring to FIG. 3, the ho]- low roll 9 isprovided with a roll neck 9a projecting axially far enough outwardly orto the left to be engaged by any suitable rotative powering means. Withthis in mind, the extreme end portion of the neck which forms a driveshaft S is shown as being provided with a keyway 9b. Thus it can be seenthat the hollow roll 9 can be driven in the same manner as though itwere either a solid roll as conventionally used or as would be the solidroll in the pressure work rolling assembly shown by the Love andGautschi patents previously identified. Because the beam extension 11aprojects through the end of the roll 9 so that it may be anchoredagainst rotation independently with respect to the roll neck 9a, the newassembly accommodates the more advantageous principles of the Specht andAppenzeller patents, also previously identified.

Note that the beam ends form seats 11b which are joumaled by the hollowroll 9 through self-aligning bearings 17 located inside of the roll 9.These bearings are located so that the beams unsupported span extendsfor at least the length of the working surface of the roll 9. Withhydraulic pressure in the chamber above the seals 12 these bearings areloaded in an opposite direction, or downwardly, and the beam span flexesdownwardly with the lower chamber providing clearance. As shown, thebeam is positioned with its axis offset upwardly from the roll axis sothat this clearance is increased by the extent of this offset.

In addition to the roll neck 9a, the roll 9 has a second roll neck 9cprojecting from its right-hand end, this neck being hollow and having aninside diameter proportioned relative to the diameter of the beamextension 11a, to define therebetween space large enough to permitangular motion of the extension 11a which results when the beam 11deflects. Both necks 9a and 9c are joumaled to the arms 4 and 5 throughself-aligning rotary bearings 18.

All bearings are shown as self-aligning bearings of the anti-frictiontype which are preferred for actual use. Such antifriction bearingsembody rolling elements such as balls, rollers, or the like.

With this assembly, rotative power can be applied to the left-hand rollneck to drive the hollow roll and work may be fed through the passformed between the two rolls 3 and 9. If the roll 3 is not driven, thework driven by the powered roll 9 rotates this solid roll 8.

Without hydraulic pressure in the passage 14 and therefore in the upperchamber of the assembly,, the roll 9 will be subject to beam flexuredeflection when the cylinders 6 and 7 apply pressure to force the rollassembly upwardly against the reaction of the vertically fixed roll 3.The self-aligning bearings 17 and 18 will accommodate all angulardeflections of the two roll necks of the hollow roll relative to theframe members and the beam.

With the introduction of hydraulic pressure through the passage 14, areaction is provided removing the beam flexure more or less, causing theupper surface of the roll 9 to become less concave or perhaps convex butin most cases linear, but as required by the operations under way in anyevent. Now, the beam 11 carries the beam stress and it will be subjectedto beam flexure and consequent deflection downwardly, the lower chamberforming room for such deflection. This causes angular motion of thenecks or end portions 11b, accommodated by the self-aligning bearings17, while the space between the beam end or extension 11a and the insideof the roll neck 90 provides room for angular motion of this part 11a.The two roll necks 9a and 90 extending outwardly from the hollow roll 9act to carry the forces and may be subject to angular deflection or beamflexure, but any resulting deflections are accommodated by theself-aligning bearings 18. Such deflection does not affect the portionof the hollow roll controlled by the hydraulic pressure.

This new roll assembly involves unique details of construction describedhereinafter, the foregoing serving to disclose the fundamentalprinciples involved.

The modification shown by FIG. 10 illustrates the fact that theprinciples of the invention may be used in other forms.

In this FIG. 10, although involving somewhat different proportions ofparts, it can be seen that the various parts generally correspond tothose shown by FIGS.

3 and 4, and therefore, corresponding numerals are used. The maindifference is at the right-hand end shown by the lower segment of FIG.10. Here the roll neck has been eliminated, the beam extension 11a, heremarked 11a, is made much more massive and it is this beam extension thatis joumaled by the bearing 18 which corresponds in location to thebearing 18 in FIG. 3. Although not shown, the outer end of the beam orbeam extension 11a will, of course, be locked against rotation.

In this instance it is the beam end or extension 11a which serves tomount the right-hand end of the roll assembly, the hollow roll 9 at thisend being joumaled by that bearing 17 on the beam extension.

In FIG. 10, the necessary longitudinally extending seals are not shown,but the equally necessary end seals 22 are shown as comprisingelastically deformable nonmetallic ring elements. Leakage outwardlybeyond the ring element at the right-hand end of the beam 11 in bothforms is prevented by a ring seal 23 which is elastically deformable ina radial direction. Radial motion must be accommodated because the beamextension 11a must be able to deflect angularly when the beam 11deflects in this instance. The end of the roll of this FIG. 10 example,which does not have a roll neck, is provided with an end member 20'which takes the place of the flange 20 of the first example, which isannular and has an inside diameter forming a space adequate fordeflection of the beam extension 11a.

Other details of construction shown by the drawings need no descriptionto understand the principles of this invention, excepting for the endseals defining at the ends of the main body of the beam 11 the upper andlower chambers in the case'of the first example shown by FIG. 3. Thedetails of these are described below.

These details are shown by FIGS. 6 through 9 where it can be seen thatat each end of the beam 11 the end seals 13 are in the form of metalstrips positioned in channels 24 formed in a collar 25 positionedbetween the end of the beam 11 and the adjacent bearing 17. Thesechannels and the sealing strips extend from locations substantiallyregistering with the side seals 12 diagonally upwardly towards eachother so that the ends of the strips meet at the vertical centerline ofthe collar 25, the strips having mitered ends 13a which abut each otherat this point.

The strips are held in the channels by having recesses 13b engaged bycap screws 26 screwed into bores 27 extending radially inwardly from thecollars periphery so that the inner ends of the screws are in therecesses 13b. The latter are large enough to permit some movement of thestrips 13 and the latter are urged outwardly towards the bearing 17 bycompression springs 28 located in bores extending axially from thebottoms of the channels 24. A flat annular bearing plate 29 is locatedbetween the collar 25 and the bearing 17 and against which the seals 13are resiliently pressed by the springs 28. The collar 25 itself issecured to the end of the beam 1 l by cap screws 30, the lower portionof the collar 25 having radially projecting nylon plugs 31 to assist inmaintaining the collar 25 concentric with the inside of the roll 9.

At the lower ends of the sealing strips 13 and in substantialregistration with the side seals 12, the collar 25 at thesediametrically opposite locations has radial channels 32 formed thereinwhich merge with the adjacent portions of the channels 24 and in whichradially projecting sealing strips 33 are located. These strips 33 arepressed outwardly by compression springs 34 located in the bottom of thechannels 32 and the lower ends of the longer strips 13 bear on thesestrips 33.

These end seals seal the upper chamber against loss of liquid endwisewith respect to the space formed by the side seals 12 between the upperhalf of the beam 11 and the inside of the hollow roll 9. They resisthigh hydraulic pressure in the upper chamber particularly well.

Reviewing the foregoing and the FIGS. 1 to of the drawings, it can beseen that in its fundamental form the new roll assembly comprises thebeam 11 having the bearing seats 1 lb on or at its ends and theextension or shaft 11a projecting axially beyond what in the drawings isthe right-hand one of the seats. The hollow work rolling roll 9 which issubject to deflection when engaging the work being pressure rolled, istubular to avoid complicated fabrication. The roll encircles the beamand the seats 11b, and defines the space therearound, the shaft llaprojecting axially beyond the end of the roll adjacent thereto.

The self-aligning rotary bearings 17 on the seats 11b journal the beamand roll together. Keeping the different constructions of FIGS. 3 and 10in mind, at least one roll neck, 9a for example in FIG. 3, projectsaxially from the other end of the roll from which the shaft 11aprojects. This roll neck has the bearing 18 and extends further axiallyto permit it to be coupled to a source of rotary power beyond itsbearing seat, as illustrated by the keyway 9b.

Means must, of course, be provided for applying the antbdeflectionpressure. Preferably this is done by providing the seals 12 and 13 todefine a chamber between the beam and the roll opposing the rolls areaof deflection and into which hydraulic liquid under pressure may beintroduced and maintained.

Finally, there are the different means for forming the necessary secondbearing seat for the end of the assembly from which the shaft 11aprojects. In FIG. 3 this is the roll neck 90 which also has a seat forthe bearing 18 at that end, this neck encircling the shaft lla whileproviding clearance for the latter to deflect, the shaft continuing onoutwardly so that its end may be locked against rotation. In FIG. 10,the second bearing seat is provided by the shaft 110 itself, it beingmade sufficiently massive in this instance to transmit the rollingpressure to the roll assembly through the adjacent bearing 17.

It is to be understood that the bearing 18 on the shaft 11a, in FIG. 10,should not interfere with angular deflection of the shaft but that itneed not be rotative.

Practical embodiments of the present invention do not involveconstruction or assembly problems which cannot be handled by competentengineers and mechanics. The bearing 17 may be installed on the necks ofthe beam to form a subassembly which is inserted endwise into the hollowroll 9. The interior of this hollow roll 9 should be smoothly finishedto reduce the sliding friction between the side seals, held stationaryby the beam because fixed to the latter, and the inside of the hollowroll. The nylon plugs 31 previously referred to, provide bearing memberssliding easily on the drums inside during insertion of the subassemblyof the beam and its bearings and other parts. This prevents damage tothe smooth inside of the hollow drum during assembling operations.

What is claimed is:

1. A work pressure rolling assembly including interspaced frame members,a hollow roll extending transversely between said members with itsoutside engagable by work between the members, a roll neck connected toone end of said roll for rotating the latter and extending axiallytherefrom through the adjacent one of said members to the lattersoutside, a rotary bearing connecting said neck to said adjacent member,the end of the roll to which this neck is connected being closed and theother end of the roll having an axially extending opening, interspacedrotary bearings on the inside of said roll adjacent to its ends, adeflectable beam inside of said roll and connected thereto by saidinterspaced bearings and spaced from the rolls inside between thesebearings to permit the beam to deflect therebetween, one end of thisbeam terminating short of the rolls closed end and the other end of thebeam having an extension for holding the beam against rotation andextending therefrom through said opening and through the other of saidmembers to the latters outside, means for connecting said other end ofsaid roll rotatively to said other of saidmembers, said roll beingdeflectable when said rolls outside is engaged by work with the ends ofthe roll connected to said frame members, and means for applyingpressure between the inside of said roll and said beam to control thedeflection of the latter.

2. The assembly of claim 1 in which said means for connecting said otherend of said roll to said other of the said members comprises a secondroll neck connected to the said roll at its said other end and extendingthrough this other member and a rotary bearing connecting this secondroll neck to this other member, this second roll neck having an axiallyextending opening through which said beam extension projects.

3. The assembly of claim 2 in which all of said rotary bearings are ofthe self-aligning type.

4. A work pressure rolling assembly including interspaced frame members,a hollow roll that deflects when stressed, means for rotativelyconnecting said roll transversely to said members with the rollpositioned so its outside is adapted to be engaged by work between themembers, means extending axially from said roll through one of saidmembers to the outside thereof for rotating the roll, a beam extendingaxially inside of said roll and which is also deflectable when stressed,means free from at least the longitudinal central portion of said rollfor rotatively interconnecting said beam and the roll's inside atpositions on both sides of the rolls said central portion, said beambeing spaced radially from the rolls inside so the beam and roll candeflect relative to each other for at least substantially the extent ofthe rolls said central portion, means for applying pressure between saidbeam and the inside of the rolls said central portion for causingrelative deflection of the roll and beam, one end of the roll having anaxially extending opening, and an extension connecting with said beamand extending therefrom through said opening and the adjacent one of theframe members to the outside of the latter for holding the beam againstrotation with said roll.

5. A work pressure rolling assembly including interspaced frame members,a deflectable hollow roll extending transversely between said membersand having an outside work-engaging portion between its ends forapplying rolling pressure along one side of the roll, a roll neck formounting one end of said roll and rigidly extending axially from thatone end of the roll through one of said frame members to the lattersoutside and having an outer end which is accessible from said outside, abearing rotatively connecting said neck to said member, interspacedself-aligning rotary bearings inside of said roll and respectivelypositioned outwardly from the opposite ends of said work-engagingportion of this roll, a deflectable beam inside of said roll and mountedby the latter through said interspaced bearings and spaced from therolls inside between these bearings to permit the beam and said roll todeflect relative to each other between these hearings, one end of saidbeam terminating short of said neck's accessible end and the other endof this beam having an extension for holding the beam against rotationand extending therefrom through the other end of said roll and throughthe other of said frame members to the latters outside and having anouter end which is accessible from said outside, a second roll neckrigidly extending axially from the other end of said roll to the otherof said frame members and having an axial passage through which saidbeam s extension passes to the outside of this other frame member, abearing rotatively connecting said second roll neck to said other framemember, and means for forming a fluid pressure chamber extending for thelength of said rolls work-engaging portion between the inside of saidrolls pressure rolling side and said beam and applying fluid pressure inthis chamber substantially uniformly throughout the length of thischamber to said rolls inside and said beam.

6. In a controlled deflection roll and in combination with a second rollforming a pressure nip portion therewith between its ends:

a cylindrical roll shell forming said portion between its ends,

a separate roll neck secured to and extending axially outwardly of eachend of said shell,

first bearing means extending about said roll necks and rotatablysupporting said roll.necks and roll shell,

a center shaft extending along the interior of said portion of saidshell and beyond opposite ends of said portion and having fluid pressuremeans adapted to apply nip correcting pressure to the inside of saidportion of said roll shell,

drive means having driving connection with one of said roll necks forrotatably driving said shell about said center chaft, and sphericalself-aligning bearing means supporting said center shaft through saidroll necks and said first bearing means and disposed on either side ofsaid nip portion and compensating for bending of said center shaft bysaid nip correcting means.

7. A controlled deflection roll assembly forming a pressure nip portionbetween its ends with a second roll comprising:

a cylindrical roll shell forming said nip portion between its ends,

a non-rotatable center shaft extending along the interior of said rollshell and beyond opposite ends of said nip portion thereof,

fluid pressure means on said center shaft adapted to apply nipcorrecting pressure to the inside of said roll shell,

support roll necks extending axially beyond opposite ends of said rollshell, coaxial therewith and secured thereto,

axially spaced bearings rotatably supporting each of said roll necks andsaid roll shell for rotation about a horizontal axis,

and spherical self-aligning bearings disposed within the outer axiallimits of said axially spaced bearings,

joumalingsaid roll necks on said center shaft outwardly beyond the endsof said nip portion and spacing said roll shell from said center shaftand accommodating deflection of said center shaft caused by the nipcorrecting loads between said center shaft and roll shell.

1. A work pressure rolling assembly including interspaced frame members,a hollow roll extending transversely between said members with itsoutside engagable by work between the members, a roll neck connected toone end of said roll for rotating the latter and extending axiallytherefrom through the adjacent one of said members to the latter''soutside, a rotary bearing connecting said neck to said adjacent member,the end of the roll to which this neck is connected being closed and theother end of the roll having an axially extending opening, interspacedrotary bearings on the inside of said roll adjacent to its ends, adeflectable beam inside of said roll and connected thereto by saidinterspaced bearings and spaced from the roll''s inside between thesebearings to permit the beam to deflect therebetween, one end of thisbeam terminating short of the roll''s closed end and the other end ofthe beam having an extension for holding the beam against rotation andextending therefrom through said opening and through the other of saidmembers to the latter''s outside, means for connecting said other end ofsaid roll rotatively to said other of said members, said roll beingdeflectable when said roll''s outside is engaged by work with the endsof the roll connected to said frame members, and means for applyingpressure between the inside of said roll and said beam to control thedeflection of the latter.
 2. The assembly of claim 1 in which said meansfor connecting said other end of said roll to said other of the saidmembers comprises a second roll neck connected to the said roll at itssaid other end and extending through this other member and a rotarybearing connecting this second roll neck to this other member, thissecond roll neck having an axially extending opening through which saidbeam extension projects.
 3. The assembly of claim 2 in which all of saidrotary bearings are of the self-aligning type.
 4. A work pressurerolling assembly including interspaced frame members, a hollow roll thatdeflects when stressed, means for rotatively connecting said rolltransversely to said members with the roll positioned so its outside isadapted to be engaged by work between the members, means extEndingaxially from said roll through one of said members to the outsidethereof for rotating the roll, a beam extending axially inside of saidroll and which is also deflectable when stressed, means free from atleast the longitudinal central portion of said roll for rotativelyinterconnecting said beam and the roll''s inside at positions on bothsides of the roll''s said central portion, said beam being spacedradially from the roll''s inside so the beam and roll can deflectrelative to each other for at least substantially the extent of theroll''s said central portion, means for applying pressure between saidbeam and the inside of the roll''s said central portion for causingrelative deflection of the roll and beam, one end of the roll having anaxially extending opening, and an extension connecting with said beamand extending therefrom through said opening and the adjacent one of theframe members to the outside of the latter for holding the beam againstrotation with said roll.
 5. A work pressure rolling assembly includinginterspaced frame members, a deflectable hollow roll extendingtransversely between said members and having an outside work-engagingportion between its ends for applying rolling pressure along one side ofthe roll, a roll neck for mounting one end of said roll and rigidlyextending axially from that one end of the roll through one of saidframe members to the latter''s outside and having an outer end which isaccessible from said outside, a bearing rotatively connecting said neckto said member, interspaced self-aligning rotary bearings inside of saidroll and respectively positioned outwardly from the opposite ends ofsaid work-engaging portion of this roll, a deflectable beam inside ofsaid roll and mounted by the latter through said interspaced bearingsand spaced from the roll''s inside between these bearings to permit thebeam and said roll to deflect relative to each other between thesebearings, one end of said beam terminating short of said neck''saccessible end and the other end of this beam having an extension forholding the beam against rotation and extending therefrom through theother end of said roll and through the other of said frame members tothe latter''s outside and having an outer end which is accessible fromsaid outside, a second roll neck rigidly extending axially from theother end of said roll to the other of said frame members and having anaxial passage through which said beam''s extension passes to the outsideof this other frame member, a bearing rotatively connecting said secondroll neck to said other frame member, and means for forming a fluidpressure chamber extending for the length of said roll''s work-engagingportion between the inside of said roll''s pressure rolling side andsaid beam and applying fluid pressure in this chamber substantiallyuniformly throughout the length of this chamber to said roll''s insideand said beam.
 6. In a controlled deflection roll and in combinationwith a second roll forming a pressure nip portion therewith between itsends: a cylindrical roll shell forming said portion between its ends, aseparate roll neck secured to and extending axially outwardly of eachend of said shell, first bearing means extending about said roll necksand rotatably supporting said roll necks and roll shell, a center shaftextending along the interior of said portion of said shell and beyondopposite ends of said portion and having fluid pressure means adapted toapply nip correcting pressure to the inside of said portion of said rollshell, drive means having driving connection with one of said roll necksfor rotatably driving said shell about said center chaft, and sphericalself-aligning bearing means supporting said center shaft through saidroll necks and said first bearing means and disposed on either side ofsaid nip portion and compensating for bending of said center shaft bysaid nip correcting means.
 7. A controlled deflection roll assemblYforming a pressure nip portion between its ends with a second rollcomprising: a cylindrical roll shell forming said nip portion betweenits ends, a non-rotatable center shaft extending along the interior ofsaid roll shell and beyond opposite ends of said nip portion thereof,fluid pressure means on said center shaft adapted to apply nipcorrecting pressure to the inside of said roll shell, support roll necksextending axially beyond opposite ends of said roll shell, coaxialtherewith and secured thereto, axially spaced bearings rotatablysupporting each of said roll necks and said roll shell for rotationabout a horizontal axis, and spherical self-aligning bearings disposedwithin the outer axial limits of said axially spaced bearings,journaling said roll necks on said center shaft outwardly beyond theends of said nip portion and spacing said roll shell from said centershaft and accommodating deflection of said center shaft caused by thenip correcting loads between said center shaft and roll shell.